Related Papers
Natural Coastal Protection Series ISSN 2050-7941 Storm Surge Reduction by Mangroves Natural Coastal Protection Series: Report 2 Cambridge Coastal Research Unit Working Paper 41
GUILLAUME LEOPOLD ESSOME KOUM
Coastal Disaster and Mangroves.pdf
ABHIJIT MITRA
The Indian Sundarbans at the apex of Bay of Bengal is exposed to several vulnerabilities associated with climate change which primarily include sea level rise, salinification, cyclonic depressions, tidal surges, wave actions and erosions. Mangroves are widely distributed in all the islands of Indian Sundarbans, whose biomass and branching are functions of salinity and substratum characteristics. They act as the line of defense against these vulnerabilities. Salinity plays a crucial role in regulating the mangrove characteristics preferably the biomass. The present paper is a first order analysis on the role of dominant mangroves in reducing wave related vulnerabilities along two major estuaries of Indian Sundarbans namely the Hooghly estuary and the Matla estuary, which have significantly contrasting salinities. The biomass and growth of mangrove along the Hooghly estuarine complex is relatively higher compared to the mangroves thriving along the mudflats of Matla estuary. In this paper, the wave attenuation potential of four dominant mangrove species have been studied for these two major estuaries considering the relevant input parameters in two seasons namely monsoon (in the month of July, 2018) and postmonsoon (in the month of November 2018).
MANGROVES – THE COASTAL GREEN BUFFER ZONE
eSAT Journals
Coastal zones are the most biologically complex and productive ecosystems. Mangroves are also termed as 'Coastal Woodlands' or 'Tidal Forests' and occur along the tropical and subtropical seas in bays, lagoons and estuaries region. Mangroves form a transitional complex ecosystem between the sea and land comprising of aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna. Mangrove forests are an integral part of the coastal environment extending through out the tropics and sub-tropics of the world. Mangroves forests are of vital importance with a great socioeconomic potentiality and ecological significance. Ecologically, mangroves stabilize the coastline shoreline acting as a buffer to the land mass from tidal surges, cyclonic storms and high tides. Coastal disasters are one manifestation of environmental problems and as such have ecological, social and economic dimensions. The tsunami 0f 26 th December 2004, which was triggered by a magnitude submarine earthquake in the Sumatra region that struck the shores of south and and southeast Asia resulted in the death or displacement of several lakhs of people. Keeping in view the unpredictable occurrence of such disasters the significant role of the natural mangrove vegetation along the coast in controlling these disasters is highlighted. The complexity and ecological importance of mangroves as a land-ocean interface ecosystem has been confirmed. Mangrove degradation is caused mainly due to commercialisation, economic and social pressures and failure to recognize the natural value of mangroves. Human anthropogenic activities and environmental stress significantly reduced the areal extent of mangrove vegetation. In the present study the depletion of mangroves along coastline of Guntur district has been estimated and evaluated. The devastating damage of life, property and natural biota due to tsunami disaster could have been minimal or prevented altogether had the mangroves along the coast been conserved and managed sustainably. Conservation of mangroves is essential for the benefit of socioeconomic configurations and for the balance of complex eco-climates of the coastal ecosystem.
Mark Spalding
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
The role of mangroves in attenuating storm surges
2012 •
Jamie Rhome
Mangroves for coastal defence
2014 •
Mark Spalding
Coastal vulnerability and mangroves.pdf
ABHIJIT MITRA
The Indian Sundarbans at the apex of Bay of Bengal is exposed to several vulnerabilities associated with climate change which primarily include sea level rise, salinification, cyclonic depressions, tidal surges, wave actions and erosions. Mangroves are widely distributed in all the islands of Indian Sundarbans, whose biomass and branching are functions of salinity and substratum characteristics. They act as the line of defense against these vulnerabilities. Salinity plays a crucial role in regulating the mangrove characteristics preferably the biomass. The present paper is a first order analysis on the role of dominant mangroves in reducing wave related vulnerabilities along two major estuaries of Indian Sundarbans namely the Hooghly estuary and the Matla estuary, which have significantly contrasting salinities. The biomass and growth of mangrove along the Hooghly estuarine complex is relatively higher compared to the mangroves thriving along the mudflats of Matla estuary. In this paper, the wave attenuation potential of four dominant mangrove species have been studied for these two major estuaries considering the relevant input parameters in two seasons namely monsoon (in the month of July, 2018) and postmonsoon (in the month of November 2018).
International Journal of Plant and Soil Science
Mangroves for Protection of Coastal Areas from High Tides, Cyclone and Tsunami
2018 •
swati shedage
Coastal protection from tsunamis and cyclones provided by mangrove wetlands – a review
William J Mitsch
Coastal human settlements are becoming increasingly vulnerable to natural disasters such as tsunamis and cyclones. Recent events, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, have brought the issue of coastal protection to the forefront in many countries across the globe. We conducted a review of recent research regarding the extent of coastal protection provided by mangroves that includes observational studies, numerical modeling, and laboratory experiments. We described our findings in a unique outline based on the methodology and event type and concluded that observational studies have not provided conclusive results on the extent of coastal protection provided by mangroves from extreme natural disasters. However, results from several recent numerical and physical models support the mitigating capabilities of mangroves for cyclone storm surges and small tsunamis. Studies on the economic valuation of mangroves have estimated coastal protection to be a major portion of their total value. Further research utilizing robust datasets for multivariate statistical analyses and validation of numerical models is still needed to provide a better assessment of the feasibility of incorporating mangroves into coastal protection plans.
Climate
Scientific Evidence for the Effectiveness of Mangrove Forests in Reducing Floods and Associated Hazards in Coastal Areas
Thecla Akukwe, PhD
The evidence for the capacity of mangrove forests for coastal protection gained more importance within the recent decade because of important international agreements, such as the Sustainable Development Goals and Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. However, the degree to which researchers agree on the capacity of mangroves to reduce coastal hazards is not fully established. This study employed a multilevel review process that selected 45 peer-reviewed articles for detailed analysis. Significant findings revealed a strong agreement amongst scientific literature on the benefits of mangrove forests in reducing coastal hazards. However, findings also revealed the dominance of single-discipline research, and less representation of countries in Africa and South America. Limitations in sampled studies highlight the limited number of global studies conducted on mangrove forests’ effectiveness in attenuating coastal hazards, and the limited representation of development and disast...
